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Identity Assurance - Sufficient and Necessary Conditions


It is not easy to define the 'sufficient condition' for describing a set of processes used to establish that a natural person is real, unique, and identifiable; criminals keep coming up with hitherto unknown weapons to compromise the said processes.


Using another authenticator together with the secret credential does not automatically bring a higher security; The positive security effects of using two authenticators in ‘two-layer’ deployment is obvious, whereas the negative security effect of using two authenticators in’ two-entrance’ deployment is also obvious.

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